杀虫剂对德国小蠊（蜚蠊目：姬蠊科）成虫寿命和繁殖力的亚致死效应。

Sublethal effects of insecticides on adult longevity and fecundity of German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).

作者信息

Abd-Elghafar S F, Appel A G

机构信息

Department of Entomology, Auburn University, AL 36849.

出版信息

J Econ Entomol. 1992 Oct;85(5):1809-17. doi: 10.1093/jee/85.5.1809.

DOI:10.1093/jee/85.5.1809

PMID:1401482

Abstract

The effects of sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, and hydramethylnon on adult longevity and fecundity of German cockroaches, Blattella germanica (L.), were investigated. Longevity of males declined linearly with increasing doses of insecticide. An LD50 of cyfluthrin decreased male longevity by 52%, whereas an LD50 of hydramethylnon reduced male longevity by 81%. Longevity of females increased linearly with increasing sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos, whereas all doses of both cyfluthrin and hydramethylnon decreased longevity of females. Fecundity increased linearly with increasing sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos. Number of oothecae formed, oothecae hatched, and number of offspring produced in each ootheca increased with increasing sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos. In contrast, fecundity declined with increasing sublethal concentrations of cyfluthrin and hydramethylnon. Formation of the first ootheca occurred approximately 8 d after mating for untreated females but generally longer with sublethal concentrations of all insecticides. The period between oothecae hatch and the formation of subsequent oothecae increased with successive oothecae in all treatments.

摘要

研究了毒死蜱、氟氯氰菊酯和氟蚁腙亚致死浓度对德国小蠊（Blattella germanica (L.)）成虫寿命和繁殖力的影响。雄性的寿命随着杀虫剂剂量的增加呈线性下降。氟氯氰菊酯的半数致死剂量使雄性寿命降低了52%，而氟蚁腙的半数致死剂量使雄性寿命降低了81%。雌性的寿命随着毒死蜱亚致死剂量的增加呈线性增加，而氟氯氰菊酯和氟蚁腙的所有剂量均降低了雌性的寿命。繁殖力随着毒死蜱亚致死剂量的增加呈线性增加。随着毒死蜱亚致死浓度的增加，形成的卵鞘数量、孵化的卵鞘数量以及每个卵鞘产生的后代数量均增加。相比之下，随着氟氯氰菊酯和氟蚁腙亚致死浓度的增加，繁殖力下降。未处理的雌性在交配后约8天形成第一个卵鞘，但在所有杀虫剂亚致死浓度下通常需要更长时间。在所有处理中，卵鞘孵化与随后卵鞘形成之间的时间间隔随着连续的卵鞘而增加。