Abd-Elghafar S F, Appel A G, Mack T P
Department of Entomology, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5413.
J Econ Entomol. 1991 Apr;84(2):502-9. doi: 10.1093/jee/84.2.502.
Formulations used for control of German cockroaches, Blattella germanica (L.), were investigated. The insecticides tested on gravid females were bendiocarb, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, hydramethylnon, malathion, propetamphos, propoxur, and pyrethrins. Exposure to each insecticide increased the frequency of oothecal drop and reduced the percentage oothecal hatch. The percentage of oothecae that were dropped increased as a curvilinear function of insecticide concentration. An LD50 of propoxur to female German cockroaches resulted in the greatest oothecal drop (83.50%); fenvalerate caused the least drop (22.60%). LD50's of cypermethrin, propetamphos, and propoxur resulted in 29.60, 31.807, and 37.30% hatch from dropped oothecae, respectively. The smallest percentage hatch from retained oothecae was caused by LD50's of propoxur (1.5%) and cyfluthrin (7.70%). Retained oothecae from females treated with an LD50 of fenvalerate (68.70%) or pyrethrins (68.70%) had the greatest percentage hatch. Total percentage hatch (dropped and retained oothecae) declined exponentially as the insecticide concentration increased. An LD50 of cypermethrin limited total oothecal hatch to 24.50%, whereas LD50's of fenvalerate, malathion, and pyrethrins resulted in 53.60, 52.20, and 58.90% hatch, respectively. Mean time to oothecal hatch increased linearly with increasing insecticide concentration for all insecticides tested.
对用于控制德国小蠊（德国小蠊，L.）的制剂进行了研究。在妊娠雌虫上测试的杀虫剂有恶虫威、毒死蜱、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氟蚁腙、马拉硫磷、丙溴磷、残杀威和除虫菊酯。接触每种杀虫剂都会增加卵鞘掉落的频率，并降低卵鞘孵化率。掉落的卵鞘百分比随着杀虫剂浓度的曲线函数而增加。残杀威对德国小蠊雌虫的半数致死剂量导致最大的卵鞘掉落率（83.50%）；氰戊菊酯导致的掉落率最低（22.60%）。氯氰菊酯、丙溴磷和残杀威的半数致死剂量分别导致掉落卵鞘的孵化率为29.60%、31.807%和37.30%。保留卵鞘的最小孵化率是由残杀威（1.5%）和氟氯氰菊酯（7.70%）的半数致死剂量引起的。用氰戊菊酯（68.70%）或除虫菊酯（68.70%）的半数致死剂量处理的雌虫保留的卵鞘孵化率最高。随着杀虫剂浓度的增加，总孵化率（掉落和保留的卵鞘）呈指数下降。氯氰菊酯的半数致死剂量将总卵鞘孵化率限制在24.50%，而氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷和除虫菊酯的半数致死剂量分别导致53.60%、52.20%和58.90%的孵化率。对于所有测试的杀虫剂，卵鞘孵化的平均时间随着杀虫剂浓度的增加呈线性增加。
