Greenberg J, Simon L, Pyszczynski T, Solomon S, Chatel D
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 Aug;63(2):212-20. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.63.2.212.
Terror management research has shown that reminding Ss of their mortality leads to intolerance. The present research assessed whether mortality salience would lead to increased intolerance when the value of tolerance is highly accessible. In Study 1, given that liberals value tolerance more than conservatives, it was hypothesized that with mortality salience, dislike of dissimilar others would increase among conservatives but decrease among liberals. Liberal and conservative Ss were induced to think about their own mortality or a neutral topic and then were asked to evaluate 2 target persons, 1 liberal, the other conservative. Ss' evaluations of the targets supported these hypotheses. In Study 2, the value of tolerance was primed for half the Ss and, under mortality-salient or control conditions, Ss evaluated a target person who criticized the United States. Mortality salience did not lead to negative reactions to the critic when the value of tolerance was highly accessible.
恐惧管理研究表明，提醒被试者他们的必死性会导致不容忍。本研究评估了在宽容价值观极易获取的情况下，死亡凸显是否会导致不容忍增加。在研究1中，鉴于自由主义者比保守主义者更重视宽容，假设在死亡凸显的情况下，保守主义者对不同他人的厌恶会增加，而自由主义者则会减少。引导自由主义和保守主义被试者思考他们自己的死亡或一个中性话题，然后要求他们评估两个目标人物，一个是自由主义者，另一个是保守主义者。被试者对目标人物的评价支持了这些假设。在研究2中，对一半的被试者启动了宽容价值观，在死亡凸显或控制条件下，被试者评估了一个批评美国的目标人物。当宽容价值观极易获取时，死亡凸显并未导致对批评者的负面反应。
