York K L, John O P
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 Sep;63(3):494-508. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.63.3.494.
In an analysis of adult personality structure, types are defined as prototypes rather than as discrete categories. Using inverse factor analyses of archival Q-sort descriptions, 4 type factors were replicated in a cross-validation design. These prototypes are interpreted as Individuated, Traditional, Conflicted, and Assured and are related to Rank's (1945) theoretical analysis of different modes of adjustment. These prototypes capture particular combinations of personality dimensions, such as Ego Resiliency, Ego Control, and the Big Five, and converge with the types identified by Block (1971). Further analyses using 13 clusters of scales from 3 broad-band self-report inventories validated the Q-sort-based interpretations and showed a distinct and theoretically consistent patterning for each of the types.
在一项对成人人格结构的分析中，类型被定义为原型而非离散的类别。通过对档案Q分类描述进行反向因子分析，在交叉验证设计中重复得到了4个类型因子。这些原型被解释为个性化型、传统型、冲突型和自信型，并且与兰克（1945年）对不同适应模式的理论分析相关。这些原型捕捉了人格维度的特定组合，如自我弹性、自我控制和大五人格，并与布洛克（1971年）确定的类型相契合。使用来自3个宽带自我报告量表的13个量表集群进行的进一步分析验证了基于Q分类的解释，并显示出每种类型都有独特且理论上一致的模式。
