Lottes I L, Kuriloff P J
University of Maryland, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Baltimore 21228.
Adolescence. 1992 Fall;27(107):675-88.
Freshmen (N = 556) at a large eastern private university were administered a questionnaire during the first week of classes. A social learning perspective was used to examine the effects of gender, race (Asian, black, and white), religion (Catholic, Jewish, and Protestant), and political orientation (liberal and conservative) on four areas of sex role ideology--traditional attitudes toward female sexuality, justification of male dominance, negative attitudes toward homosexuality, and attitudes toward feminism. Although all four independent variables produced a significant effect on at least one measure of sex role ideology, religion and political orientation produced significant differences on all four sex role measures. Liberals as compared to conservatives and Jews as compared to Protestants were less traditional in their attitudes toward female sexuality, less accepting of male dominance and negative attitudes toward homosexuality, and more accepting of feminist attitudes. The results support the view that entering freshmen have established sex role belief systems that tend to be organized around constellations of traditional/conservative versus egalitarian/liberal attitudes.
在东部一所大型私立大学，556名新生在开课第一周接受了问卷调查。运用社会学习视角，考察性别、种族（亚裔、黑人、白人）、宗教（天主教、犹太教、新教）和政治倾向（自由派和保守派）对性别角色意识形态四个方面的影响——对女性性行为的传统态度、对男性主导地位的正当化、对同性恋的负面态度以及对女权主义的态度。尽管所有四个自变量至少对一项性别角色意识形态指标产生了显著影响，但宗教和政治倾向在所有四项性别角色指标上都产生了显著差异。与保守派相比，自由派以及与新教徒相比，犹太教徒在对女性性行为的态度上不那么传统，对男性主导地位和对同性恋的负面态度的接受程度较低，对女权主义态度的接受程度较高。结果支持了这样一种观点，即入学新生已经建立了性别角色信念体系，这些体系倾向于围绕传统/保守与平等主义/自由态度的组合来组织。
