Baez S, Feldman S M, Gootman P M
Am J Physiol. 1977 Jul;233(1):H141-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1977.233.1.H141.
The responses to central nervous system (CNS) stimulation of consecutive segments of arterioles down to the precapillary sphincter were measured in the mesoappendix and/or cremaster of nine male rats with indwelling electrodes. Under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia, vasoactive sites were stimulated at threshold for maximal constriction or lumen closure of the precapillary sphincter and/or immediately preceding precapillary arteriole (metarteriole). In all experiments, CNS stimulation induced blood pressure elevation and constriction of three consecutive segments of precapillary vessels and of the sphincter. A threefold increase in rate of vasomotion of precapillary sphincter and metarteriole was the rule, but this was noted infrequently in larger arterioles. In addition to an overall influence of the CNS on microcirculation, the data show a gradient of responses to stimulation, the slope of which is negatively related to the size of the vessels and sphincter, in both tissues studied. A complete lumen closure of the metarteriole and precapillary sphincter (when present) in response to CNS stimulation implies active participation in the regulation of local blood flow. No evidence was foun for central neural regulation of the precapillary sphincter independent of arteriolar control.
在9只留置电极的雄性大鼠的阑尾系膜和/或提睾肌中，测量了直至毛细血管前括约肌的连续小动脉节段对中枢神经系统（CNS）刺激的反应。在戊巴比妥钠麻醉下，以毛细血管前括约肌和/或紧邻的毛细血管前小动脉（后微动脉）最大收缩或管腔闭合的阈值刺激血管活性部位。在所有实验中，CNS刺激均引起血压升高以及毛细血管前血管和括约肌的三个连续节段收缩。毛细血管前括约肌和后微动脉的血管运动速率增加三倍是常见情况，但在较大的小动脉中很少见到这种情况。除了中枢神经系统对微循环的总体影响外，数据还显示了对刺激的反应梯度，在所研究的两种组织中，其斜率与血管和括约肌的大小呈负相关。毛细血管前括约肌和后微动脉（如果存在）对CNS刺激的完全管腔闭合意味着其积极参与局部血流的调节。未发现独立于小动脉控制的中枢神经对毛细血管前括约肌的调节证据。
