Cole K N, Dale P S, Mills P E
Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Am J Ment Retard. 1992 Sep;97(2):131-43.
Diagnostic and service eligibility decisions are often made on the basis of the relation between assessments of cognitive ability and assessments of language ability. A discrepancy between cognitive and language performance, with cognition being higher, is thought to be a positive predictor of ability to benefit from intervention. This triage model assumes reasonable stability of cognitive and language measures over time. We evaluated the stability, over 1- and 2-year periods, of the relation between a cognitive measure and two language measures. We examined whether the cognitive-language relation for these measures changed significantly over time and whether children remained in the same service eligibility category, based on the discrepancy model, over time. Results indicated substantial changes in the cognitive-language relation over time. Children's eligibility for service, based on the discrepancy model, also fluctuated greatly over time. We conclude that a discrepancy model of triage based on broad cognitive and language measures is not an effective means of determining who should receive service. Alternative triage methods were presented.
诊断和服务资格的决定通常基于认知能力评估与语言能力评估之间的关系。认知与语言表现之间存在差异，且认知能力较高，这被认为是从干预中受益能力的积极预测指标。这种分类模型假定认知和语言测量在一段时间内具有合理的稳定性。我们评估了一项认知测量与两项语言测量之间的关系在1年和2年期间的稳定性。我们研究了这些测量的认知-语言关系是否随时间发生显著变化，以及儿童是否根据差异模型在一段时间内保持在相同的服务资格类别中。结果表明，随着时间的推移，认知-语言关系发生了实质性变化。基于差异模型，儿童的服务资格也随时间大幅波动。我们得出结论，基于广泛的认知和语言测量的差异分类模型不是确定谁应接受服务的有效方法。文中还介绍了替代分类方法。
