Demetriades D, Charalambides D, Lakhoo M, Pantanowitz D
Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Injury. 1992;23(6):377-80. doi: 10.1016/0020-1383(92)90011-g.
The aim of this study was to investigate the controversial issue of the use of prophylactic antibiotics in open and basilar fractures of the skull. A series of 157 patients were randomized to receive no antibiotics (group A = 46 patients) or ceftriaxone for 3 days (group B = 50 patients), or the combination ampicillin/sulphadiazine for 3 days (group C = 61 patients). The incidence of meningitis was similar in both the antibiotic and non-antibiotic groups. However, the overall incidence of infectious complications in the non-antibiotic group was significantly higher than in the antibiotic group (8.7 per cent vs 0.9 per cent, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the ceftriaxone group and the ampicillin/sulphadiazine group. The results of the study suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis has a role in the management of open and basilar fractures.
本研究的目的是调查在开放性和颅底骨折中使用预防性抗生素这一有争议的问题。157例患者被随机分为三组，一组不使用抗生素（A组 = 46例患者），一组接受头孢曲松治疗3天（B组 = 50例患者），另一组接受氨苄西林/磺胺嘧啶联合治疗3天（C组 = 61例患者）。抗生素组和非抗生素组的脑膜炎发病率相似。然而，非抗生素组的感染性并发症总发病率显著高于抗生素组（8.7%对0.9%，P < 0.05）。头孢曲松组和氨苄西林/磺胺嘧啶组之间没有显著差异。研究结果表明，预防性使用抗生素在开放性和颅底骨折的治疗中具有一定作用。
