Croll R P, Van Minnen J
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Comp Neurol. 1992 Oct 22;324(4):567-74. doi: 10.1002/cne.903240409.
Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to identify 200-250 central neurons that synthesize and contain the peptide APGWamide in the central nervous system of Lymnaea. The majority of these cells reside within the right anterior lobe of the cerebral ganglion and most appear to have projections to the ventral lobe of the ganglion. The neurites then branch to innervate the lobe and to send further projections into the penial nerve and to the PeIb cluster of the right pedal ganglion. The right ventral lobe also contains a cluster of about 30-40 somata, which apparently synthesize and contain APGWamide. Other populations of cells found in both the right and left anterior lobes project ipsilaterally to the pleural, parietal, and visceral ganglia. Prominent somata are also located in clusters in the visceral and right parietal ganglia. These cells project ipsilaterally into caudal neuropilar regions of the cerebral ganglia. Peripheral projections of central neurons form a dense plexus of varicose, APGWamide-containing fibres in superficial layers of the penis and preputium. Other peripheral projections were noted in the prostate and vas deferens. No peripherally located cell bodies appeared to contain or synthesize the peptide. The results show that APGWamide is widely present in the central nervous system and male reproductive organs and suggest that it plays a major role in control of reproduction.
免疫细胞化学和原位杂交技术被用于在椎实螺的中枢神经系统中识别200 - 250个合成并含有肽APGWamide的中枢神经元。这些细胞大多位于脑神经节的右前叶内，并且大多数似乎向神经节的腹叶发出投射。神经突随后分支以支配该叶，并进一步向阴茎神经和右足神经节的PeIb簇发出投射。右腹叶还包含一簇约30 - 40个胞体，它们显然合成并含有APGWamide。在左右前叶中发现的其他细胞群同侧投射到胸膜神经节、顶神经节和内脏神经节。显著的胞体也成簇地位于内脏神经节和右顶神经节中。这些细胞同侧投射到脑神经节的尾侧神经纤维网区域。中枢神经元的外周投射在阴茎和包皮的表层形成了一个密集的、含有曲张的、含APGWamide的纤维丛。在前列腺和输精管中也发现了其他外周投射。未观察到位于外周的细胞体含有或合成该肽。结果表明，APGWamide广泛存在于中枢神经系统和雄性生殖器官中，并提示它在生殖控制中起主要作用。
