Rothe T
Luzerner Höhenklinik, Montana.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1992 Nov 3;81(45):1350-3.
Up to 10% of all asthmatics are intolerant to aspirin reacting with bronchospasm after intake of this drug. The triad aspirin-intolerance, glucocorticoid-dependent intrinsic asthma and nasal polyps is common in these patients. The reaction to aspirin is not mediated by IgE. Cross-intolerance is observed with all non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase. If intolerance to aspirin is suspected such drugs have to be strictly avoided. Paracetamol is the alternative in most instances. Only rarely an adaptive desensitization with acetylsalicylic acid is indicated. This method may help to overcome the intolerance. Non-acetylated salicylates occurring also in some foods, preservatives, and food dyes must not generally be avoided in aspirin-induced asthma.
高达10%的哮喘患者对阿司匹林不耐受,服用该药后会出现支气管痉挛。阿司匹林不耐受、糖皮质激素依赖型内源性哮喘和鼻息肉三联征在这些患者中很常见。对阿司匹林的反应不是由IgE介导的。所有抑制环氧化酶的非甾体抗炎药都存在交叉不耐受现象。如果怀疑对阿司匹林不耐受,必须严格避免使用这类药物。在大多数情况下,对乙酰氨基酚是替代品。只有在极少数情况下才需要进行乙酰水杨酸适应性脱敏治疗。这种方法可能有助于克服不耐受。阿司匹林诱发的哮喘患者一般不必避免食用某些食物、防腐剂和食用色素中含有的非乙酰化水杨酸盐。