Santos-Burgoa C, Matanoski G M, Zeger S, Schwartz L
Escuela de Salud Publica de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos.
Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Oct 1;136(7):843-54. doi: 10.1093/aje/136.7.843.
1,3-Butadiene and styrene are suspected carcinogens and common chemicals used in the synthesis of rubber. To investigate any potential human hazards from exposure to these chemicals, a case-control study of 59 lymphohematopoietic cancers was conducted within a cohort of male workers employed between 1943 and 1982 in eight North American styrene-butadiene rubber polymer-producing plants. A total of 193 controls were matched to the cases by plant, age, year of hire, duration worked, and survival to time of death of the case. Each job was assigned an estimated exposure rank, and each worker's cumulated rank score was calculated on the basis of the time spent in each job throughout his employment. "Exposure" as a dichotomous variable was defined as a log rank score above the mean of the log scores for the total population of cases and controls within a subtype of cancer. Matched-pair analysis identified a strong association between leukemia and butadiene, with an odds ratio of 9.36 (95% confidence interval 2.05-22.9) and an association between styrene and leukemia (odds ratio = 3.13, 95% confidence interval 0.84-11.2) that did not achieve statistical significance. When exposure to both styrene and butadiene was included in a conditional logistic regression model, the odds ratio for butadiene remained high (odds ratio = 7.39), but the estimated association of leukemia with styrene was small. The results of this study support the hypothesis that exposure to butadiene is associated with the risk of leukemia. There also appears to be an additional risk from work in specific subdivisions of the industry.
1,3 - 丁二烯和苯乙烯是疑似致癌物，也是合成橡胶中常用的化学品。为了调查接触这些化学品对人类的任何潜在危害，在1943年至1982年期间受雇于北美八家丁苯橡胶聚合物生产厂的男性工人队列中，开展了一项针对59例淋巴造血系统癌症的病例对照研究。总共193名对照按照工厂、年龄、雇佣年份、工作时长以及病例死亡时间的存活情况与病例进行匹配。为每个工作岗位分配一个估计的接触等级，并根据每名工人在其整个就业期间在每个岗位上花费的时间计算其累积等级分数。作为二分变量的“接触”被定义为癌症亚型内病例和对照总人群对数分数均值以上的对数等级分数。配对分析确定白血病与丁二烯之间存在强关联，比值比为9.36（95%置信区间2.05 - 22.9），以及苯乙烯与白血病之间存在关联（比值比 = 3.13，95%置信区间0.84 - 11.2），但未达到统计学显著性。当在条件逻辑回归模型中纳入同时接触苯乙烯和丁二烯的情况时，丁二烯的比值比仍然很高（比值比 = 7.39），但估计的白血病与苯乙烯的关联较小。这项研究的结果支持了丁二烯接触与白血病风险相关的假设。在该行业的特定细分领域工作似乎也存在额外风险。
