Zaridze D G
Arkh Patol. 1992;54(4):5-12.
Cancer incidence statistics in the Russian Federation and the evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that the priority in primary prevention of cancer should be given to smoking control. Discontinuation of smoking may prevent in Russia annually about 80,000 cases of cancer, or about 25% of all newly diagnosed cases of cancer in 1989 (excluding skin squamous and basal cell carcinoma). Another very important direction of cancer prevention in Russia is modification of diet in favour of increased consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables. The elimination of occupational carcinogens or a decrease in exposure to them would result in an important decrease in the incidence of certain cancers in highly industrialized areas. A decrease in the exposure to carcinogens in ambient air and the protection from exposure to ionizing radiation are of some, although limited, importance in cancer prevention.
俄罗斯联邦的癌症发病率统计数据以及流行病学和实验研究的证据表明，癌症一级预防的重点应放在控制吸烟上。在俄罗斯，戒烟每年可预防约8万例癌症病例，约占1989年所有新诊断癌症病例的25%（不包括皮肤鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌）。俄罗斯癌症预防的另一个非常重要的方向是调整饮食，增加新鲜水果和蔬菜的摄入量。消除职业致癌物或减少接触职业致癌物将使高度工业化地区某些癌症的发病率大幅下降。减少环境空气中致癌物的接触以及防止接触电离辐射在癌症预防中虽有一定重要性，但作用有限。
