Vickers E R, Punnia-Moorthy A
Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Surry Hills, New South Wales.
Aust Dent J. 1992 Aug;37(4):267-70.
This study compared the efficacy of EMLA 5% Cream, Xylocaine 5% (lignocaine 5 per cent) and NUM (benzocaine 15 per cent, amethocaine 1.7 per cent) to a placebo in reducing the pain experience during needle insertion. In a random, double blind study three groups of twenty volunteers each had a paired topical anaesthetic/placebo placed bilaterally in the buccal sulcus of the upper premolar regions for two minutes, followed by the insertion of a standard 27 gauge needle to a depth of 5 mm. Pain experience was measured with visual analogue scales. Results showed that all three agents significantly reduced pain when compared with the placebo--EMLA (p less than 0.002); Xylocaine (p less than 0.05); NUM (p less than 0.005).
本研究比较了5%复方利多卡因乳膏、5%利多卡因和NUM（15%苯佐卡因、1.7%丁卡因）与安慰剂在减轻进针时疼痛感受方面的疗效。在一项随机双盲研究中，三组志愿者各20名，每组双侧上颌前磨牙区颊沟分别涂抹配对的局部麻醉剂/安慰剂两分钟，随后插入一根标准的27号针头至5毫米深度。疼痛感受采用视觉模拟量表进行测量。结果显示，与安慰剂相比，所有三种药物均能显著减轻疼痛——复方利多卡因乳膏（p<0.002）；利多卡因（p<0.05）；NUM（p<0.005）。
