Volkmann J, Hefter H, Lange H W, Freund H J
Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Brain Lang. 1992 Oct;43(3):386-99. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(92)90108-q.
Absolute and relative speech timing were examined in patients suffering from Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Wilson's disease. The task was to speak a standard sentence 10 times, first slowly, and then successively faster up to maximum rate. All patient groups had low maximal speech rates and showed decreased variability of speech rate. The duration of pauses between words was the same as in normals and the relative time structure of the test sentence was basically preserved. For comparison, two cases with nonfluent aphasia had even slower speech rates, large increases in pause duration, and major changes in relative speech timing. The results show the same type of alterations of the temporal organization of speech as those characteristic for rapid alternating limb movements in such patients. They support the view that the speech and skeletomotor systems share common neural control modes despite fundamental biomechanical differences. The common denominator between the speech and the skeletomotor disturbances in basal ganglia diseases may be the undamping and slowing of a fast central oscillator.
研究人员对患有帕金森病、亨廷顿舞蹈症和威尔逊氏病的患者的绝对和相对言语时间进行了检查。任务是将一个标准句子说10遍，首先慢慢说，然后依次加快速度，直至达到最大语速。所有患者组的最大言语速度都较低，且言语速度的变异性降低。单词之间的停顿时间与正常人相同，测试句子的相对时间结构基本保持不变。作为对比，两名非流畅性失语症患者的言语速度甚至更慢，停顿时间大幅增加，相对言语时间也有重大变化。结果显示，此类患者言语时间组织的改变类型与快速交替肢体运动的特征相同。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即尽管言语和骨骼运动系统在基本生物力学方面存在差异，但它们共享共同的神经控制模式。基底神经节疾病中言语和骨骼运动障碍的共同特征可能是快速中央振荡器的阻尼不足和速度减慢。
