Levine J M
Jewish Home and Hospital for Aged, Bronx, NY 10468.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1992 Dec;40(12):1281-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb03656.x.
Though nearly forgotten, the neurotrophic theory was very much a part of mainstream medical thinking during the mid-nineteenth century. This theory stated that all bodily organs are maintained by special nutritional factors secreted by the central nervous system. Development of skin ulceration in the face of neurologic injury became a model for the theory, and controversy involved two great neurologists of the time, Jean Martin Charcot and Edouard Brown-Séquard. As the neurotrophic theory fell into disfavor, interest in decubitus ulcers waned as well. Today, pressure sores remain a major epidemiologic problem for the growing population of frail elderly persons in both acute and long-term care settings. Because of the increased mortality, morbidity, and cost associated with these lesions, attention needs to be refocused on research and education concerning the decubitus ulcer.
尽管几乎被遗忘，但神经营养理论在19世纪中叶曾是主流医学思想的重要组成部分。该理论认为，所有身体器官均由中枢神经系统分泌的特殊营养因子维持。面对神经损伤时皮肤溃疡的发生成为了该理论的一个模型，当时两位伟大的神经学家让·马丁·夏科和爱德华·布朗-塞卡尔卷入了争论。随着神经营养理论失宠，对褥疮的关注也随之减少。如今，对于急性和长期护理环境中日益增多的体弱老年人来说，压疮仍然是一个主要的流行病学问题。由于这些损伤会增加死亡率、发病率和成本，因此需要重新将注意力集中在有关褥疮的研究和教育上。
