Margotta V, Filoni S, Del Vecchio P
Dipartimento di Biologia animale e dell'Uomo (Facoltà di Scienze), Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy.
J Hirnforsch. 1992;33(1):3-9.
The brains of adult Urodele Amphibians (Triturus carnifex Laur.) were homoplastically transplanted in conditions of complete morpho-functional isolation. Despite the heterogeneous nature of the histological aspects observed, the results point to the following general pattern for the fate of the brain transplants: 1) rooting phase (about day 5 after the operation) as indicated by degenerative patterns affecting the various encephalic districts and mainly involving the more peripheral neurons and the nerve fibers, and to a lesser extent the periventricular gray and the ependyma; 2) phase of rejection by host (from day 10 until end of experiment on day 30) as indicated by lymphocytic infiltration, the presence of macrophages and pyknoses, and the formation of a connective tissue capsule surrounding the transplant; 3) regenerative phase (from about day 10) as indicated by the onset of mitotic activity affecting elements of the ependymal epithelium and the periventricular gray, particularly in the telencephalic district. By the end of the experiment, in most of the transplants examined, degenerative processes were found to have prevailed over the regenerative phenomena. However, in some cases, and particularly in one of them, a distinctly higher degree of structural organization of neurons and nerve fibers can be observed at the telencephalic level. It may be postulated that, whenever a greater degree of compatibility exists between the host and the transplanted organ, it is possible, even in conditions of complete morpho-functional isolation, for the brain to express regenerative power through the ependyma and the matrix zones which have already been identified by some Authors in telencephalic periventricular areas or scattered through the mesencephalic gray matter.
成年有尾两栖动物（Triturus carnifex Laur.）的大脑在完全形态功能隔离的条件下进行了同种异体移植。尽管观察到的组织学方面具有异质性，但结果显示出脑移植命运的以下一般模式：1）生根期（术后约第5天），表现为影响各个脑区的退化模式，主要涉及外周神经元和神经纤维，较少涉及脑室周围灰质和室管膜；2）宿主排斥期（从第10天到实验结束的第30天），表现为淋巴细胞浸润、巨噬细胞和核固缩的存在，以及移植体周围结缔组织囊的形成；3）再生期（约从第10天开始），表现为有丝分裂活动影响室管膜上皮和脑室周围灰质的成分，特别是在端脑区。到实验结束时，在所检查的大多数移植体中，发现退化过程超过了再生现象。然而，在某些情况下，特别是其中一个案例中，在端脑水平可以观察到神经元和神经纤维的结构组织程度明显更高。可以推测，只要宿主与移植器官之间存在更高程度的相容性，即使在完全形态功能隔离的条件下，大脑也有可能通过室管膜和基质区表达再生能力，一些作者已经在端脑脑室周围区域或散在于中脑灰质中确定了这些区域。
