Poole G D, Craig K D
Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 Nov;63(5):797-805. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.63.5.797.
The process of discriminating among genuine, suppressed, and faked expressions of pain was examined. Untrained judges estimated the severity of pain being experienced when viewing videotaped facial expressions of chronic pain patients undergoing a painful diagnostic test or dissimulating reactions. Verbal feedback as to whether pain was experienced also was provided, so as to be either consistent or inconsistent with the facial expression. Judges were able to distinguish genuine pain faces from baseline expressions but, relative to genuine pain faces, attributed more pain to faked faces and less pain to suppressed ones. Advance warning of deception did not improve discrimination but led to a more conservative or nonempathic judging style. Verbal feedback increased or decreased judgments, as appropriate, but facial information consistently was assigned greater weight. An augmenting model of the judgment process that attaches considerable importance to the context in which information is provided was supported.
研究了区分真实、抑制和伪装疼痛表情的过程。未经训练的评判者在观看慢性疼痛患者接受痛苦诊断测试或伪装反应的面部表情录像时，估计其经历的疼痛严重程度。同时还提供了关于是否经历疼痛的言语反馈，使其与面部表情一致或不一致。评判者能够将真实疼痛表情与基线表情区分开来，但相对于真实疼痛表情，他们将更多疼痛归因于伪装表情，而将更少疼痛归因于抑制表情。欺骗的预先警告并没有改善辨别能力，但导致了更保守或缺乏同理心的评判风格。言语反馈根据情况增加或减少了判断，但面部信息始终被赋予更大权重。一个高度重视信息呈现背景的判断过程增强模型得到了支持。
