Cole M H, Grimshaw P N
Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Work. 2003;21(2):173-84.
The incidence of low back pain has continued to increase in modern society, despite the considerable amount of scientific research that has aimed to isolate its exact aetiology. Although low back pain is still largely idiopathic, research has identified over one hundred risk factors for the condition. Of these risk factors, manual material handling tasks are perhaps the most widely explored within the biomechanical literature, as these tasks have been associated with high mechanical stresses on the lower back. Numerous technique-related variables have been addressed by researchers, whilst the influence of intra-abdominal pressure has also been considered. In addition to this, the implications of variations in the size and structural composition of the load have also been assessed. However, low back pain continues to pose a significant threat to the financial stability and happiness of millions of people worldwide. In addition, a number of functional work capacity assessment tests use lifting as a method for assessment of return to work condition. Many of these tests are not standardised and do not consider the implications of low back loading. Therefore new research attempts in this area are justified and should aim to identify the extent of the association that exists between the known risk factors and the incidence of low back pain.
尽管旨在确定其确切病因的科学研究数量可观，但现代社会中腰痛的发病率仍在持续上升。虽然腰痛在很大程度上仍是特发性的，但研究已确定了一百多种该病症的风险因素。在这些风险因素中，人工搬运任务可能是生物力学文献中探讨最为广泛的，因为这些任务与下背部的高机械应力有关。研究人员已经探讨了许多与技术相关的变量，同时也考虑了腹内压的影响。除此之外，还评估了负载大小和结构组成变化的影响。然而，腰痛继续对全球数百万人的经济稳定和幸福构成重大威胁。此外，一些功能工作能力评估测试将提举作为评估复工状况的一种方法。这些测试中的许多都没有标准化，也没有考虑下背部负荷的影响。因此，该领域的新研究尝试是合理的，应该旨在确定已知风险因素与腰痛发病率之间存在的关联程度。
