Andersen L B, Wedderkopp N, Hansen H S, Cooper A R, Froberg K
Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Prev Med. 2003 Oct;37(4):363-7. doi: 10.1016/s0091-7435(03)00145-2.
The aim of this study was to determine whether the number of participants with multiple coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors exceeded the number expected from a random distribution.
A cross-sectional study of 1020 randomly selected boys and girls, 9 and 15 years old, was conducted. Risk factors were total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, serum insulin, and blood pressure. Physical fitness was assessed from a maximal cycle test and body fat from the sum of four skinfolds. Risk factors selected in the analysis were those related to the metabolic syndrome.
More participants than expected had four or five CHD risk factors. Four risk factors were found in 3.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.24-4.10) times as many participants as expected from a random distribution and five risk factors were found in 8.70 (95% CI: 4.35-17.4) times as many participants as expected. Fifty (5.4%) had four or five risk factors and in these individuals physical fitness was 1.2 standard deviation (SD) lower and body mass index (BMI) 1.6 SD higher than mean values for the population.
Clustering of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome was found in children and adolescents. Low levels of physical fitness and raised BMI in these individuals indicate that lifestyle factors such as physical activity and diet may influence the development of these unhealthy risk profiles.
本研究旨在确定患有多种冠心病（CHD）风险因素的参与者数量是否超过随机分布预期的数量。
对1020名随机选取的9岁和15岁男孩及女孩进行了横断面研究。风险因素包括总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清胰岛素和血压。通过最大循环测试评估身体素质，通过测量四处皮褶厚度之和评估体脂。分析中选取的风险因素是与代谢综合征相关的因素。
具有4种或5种冠心病风险因素的参与者比预期的更多。发现具有4种风险因素的参与者数量是随机分布预期数量的3.03倍（95%置信区间（CI）：2.24 - 4.10），具有5种风险因素的参与者数量是随机分布预期数量的8.70倍（95% CI：4.35 - 17.4）。50名（5.4%）参与者具有4种或5种风险因素，这些个体的身体素质比总体平均值低1.2个标准差（SD），体重指数（BMI）比总体平均值高1.6个标准差。
在儿童和青少年中发现了代谢综合征风险因素的聚集现象。这些个体身体素质低且BMI升高表明，诸如体育活动和饮食等生活方式因素可能会影响这些不健康风险状况的发展。
