Gallegos-Carrillo Katia, Durán-Arenas Juan Luis, López-Carrillo Lizbeth, López-Cervantes Malaquías
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS).
Rev Invest Clin. 2003 May-Jun;55(3):260-9.
This study aimed to identify a set of factors related to quality of life across the dimensions of physical, social and emotional functioning and general health perception in an elderly population from the state of Morelos, Mexico.
A cross-sectional study was carried out from March to September of 1997 in urban and rural areas of the state of Morelos. The sample was built from randomly selected 2,571 households in the study areas. Data for the study were collected by means of structures personal interviews, using a questionnaire applied to 869 subjects who were 60 years or older at the time of the interview. Quality of life was analyzed in four dimensions: physical, social and emotional functioning and general health perception. Independent variables were: gender, age, perceived morbidity, activity level, health check-up and hospitalization during the last year, tobacco consumption and family income. Statistical analyses went from descriptive statistics to the fitting of multivariate unconditional logistic regression models.
The factors associated with the dimensions of quality of life were: physical functioning; gender, illness in last year, age, tobacco consumption and activity level. In social functioning only health check up was significant, as protector factor of good social quality. In emotional functioning the associated factors were: gender, illness and medical check-up in last year. For the dimension health perception the variables were: gender, illness, hospitalization in last year and activity. All of them statistically significant p < 0.05.
The factors associated with quality of life vary according to each dimension. However; gender, morbidity, health check up and activity were common for the dimensions studied; so that these aspects should be considered for planning interventions to improve the quality of life in elderly people.
本研究旨在确定与墨西哥莫雷洛斯州老年人群体的身体、社会和情感功能以及总体健康认知等生活质量维度相关的一系列因素。
1997年3月至9月在莫雷洛斯州的城乡地区开展了一项横断面研究。样本来自研究区域内随机抽取的2571户家庭。研究数据通过结构化个人访谈收集，使用一份问卷对869名在访谈时年龄为60岁及以上的受试者进行调查。从身体、社会和情感功能以及总体健康认知四个维度分析生活质量。自变量包括：性别、年龄、感知到的发病率、活动水平、去年的健康检查和住院情况、烟草消费以及家庭收入。统计分析从描述性统计到多变量无条件逻辑回归模型的拟合。
与生活质量维度相关的因素有：身体功能；性别、去年患病情况、年龄、烟草消费和活动水平。在社会功能方面，只有健康检查具有显著性，是良好社会质量的保护因素。在情感功能方面，相关因素有：性别、去年患病和进行医学检查。对于总体健康认知维度，变量有：性别、患病、去年住院情况和活动。所有这些因素在统计学上均具有显著性（p < 0.05）。
与生活质量相关的因素因每个维度而异。然而，性别、发病率、健康检查和活动在所研究的维度中是共同的；因此，在规划改善老年人生活质量的干预措施时应考虑这些方面。
