Cinar Ugur, Yigit Ozgur, Vural Cetin, Alkan Seyhan, Kayaoglu Semra, Dadas Burhan
Department of Otolaryngology, Sisli Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey 80600.
Laryngoscope. 2003 Oct;113(10):1813-6. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200310000-00028.
This study aims to identify the level of the vocal folds as projected on the exterior thyroid cartilage.
Anatomic study of human cadaver larynges.
The study includes 83 fresh larynges harvested at autopsy from 62 male and 21 female cadavers. The larynges were excised and divided in the midline posteriorly. One needle was inserted at the level of anterior commissure from endolarynx, and the other was inserted at the thyroid ala just anterior to the vocal process along the superior surface of the right vocal cord. Measurements of vocal cord projections on the thyroid ala were done with a caliper.
The mean value of the ratio of the distances from the superior thyroid notch to anterior commissure and the midline height from thyroid notch to the inferior border of thyroid cartilage was found to be 0.41 in males and 0.38 in females. No statistical differences were observed between these two groups (P =.062). We found that the distance from the anterior commissure to the inferior thyroid border in midline "c" was longer than the distance from the posterior border of the vocal cord to the inferior border of the inferior tubercle of the thyroid ala "d" in 44 (71%) males and in 7 (33%) females. On the other hand, "d" was longer than "c" in 8 (12.9%) males and in 8 (38.1%) females. These two distances were equal in 10 (16.1%) males and in 6 (28.6%) females.
In this study, we found that the anterior commissure lies approximately at the juncture of the upper two fifths and lower three fifths of the midline height of thyroid cartilage in the majority of the larynges of the male and female cadavers. The position of the posterior border of the vocal cords was found to be at a lower level than anterior commissure in two thirds of males and in one third of females. This means that the vocal cords slope downward posteriorly in the majority of the larynges of the males. This may be one of the causes of failure of some type I thyroplasties.
本研究旨在确定声带在甲状腺软骨外部的投影水平。
对人体尸体喉部进行解剖学研究。
本研究包括83个从62具男性和21具女性尸体尸检中获取的新鲜喉部。将喉部切除并在后部中线处分开。一根针从喉内插入前联合水平，另一根针沿着右侧声带的上表面插入声带突前方的甲状腺翼。用卡尺测量声带在甲状腺翼上的投影。
男性从甲状软骨上切迹到前联合的距离与从甲状软骨切迹到甲状腺软骨下缘的中线高度之比的平均值为0.41，女性为0.38。两组之间未观察到统计学差异（P = 0.062）。我们发现，在44例（71%）男性和7例（33%）女性中，中线“c”处从前联合到甲状腺下缘的距离比声带后缘到甲状腺翼下结节下缘的距离“d”长。另一方面，在8例（12.9%）男性和8例（38.1%）女性中，“d”比“c”长。在10例（16.1%）男性和6例（28.6%）女性中，这两个距离相等。
在本研究中，我们发现，在大多数男性和女性尸体的喉部中，前联合大致位于甲状软骨中线高度的上五分之二和下五分之三的交界处。在三分之二的男性和三分之一的女性中，声带后缘的位置低于前联合。这意味着在大多数男性喉部中，声带向后下方倾斜。这可能是一些I型甲状成形术失败的原因之一。
