Paeratakul Sahasporn, Ferdinand Daphne P, Champagne Catherine M, Ryan Donna H, Bray George A
Nutritional Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Oct;103(10):1332-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(03)01086-1.
To examine the dietary profile associated with fast-food use. To compare the dietary intake of individuals on the day that they ate fast food with the day that fast food was not eaten.
Cross-sectional study design. The dietary intake of individuals who reported eating fast food on one or both survey days was compared with those who did not report eating fast food. Among the individuals who reported eating fast food, dietary intake on the day when fast food was eaten was compared with the day when fast food was not eaten. Weighted comparison of mean intakes and pairwise t-test were used in the statistical analysis. Subjects/setting Data from 17370 adults and children who participated in the 1994-1996 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. Dietary intake data were collected by 2 non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls.
Fast-food use was reported by 37% of the adults and 42% of the children. Adults and children who reported eating fast food had higher intake of energy, fat, saturated fat, sodium, carbonated soft drink, and lower intake of vitamins A and C, milk, fruits and vegetables than those who did not reported eating fast food (P<.001). Similar differences were observed among individuals between the day when fast food was eaten and the day when fast food was not eaten.
Consumers should be aware that consumption of high-fat fast food may contribute to higher energy and fat intake, and lower intake of healthful nutrients.
研究与快餐消费相关的饮食模式。比较个体食用快餐当天与未食用快餐当天的饮食摄入量。
横断面研究设计。将在一个或两个调查日报告食用快餐的个体的饮食摄入量与未报告食用快餐的个体进行比较。在报告食用快餐的个体中，比较食用快餐当天与未食用快餐当天的饮食摄入量。统计分析采用平均摄入量的加权比较和配对t检验。受试者/研究背景 数据来自17370名成年人和儿童，他们参与了1994 - 1996年和1998年的个人食物摄入量持续调查。饮食摄入量数据通过2次非连续的24小时饮食回忆收集。
37%的成年人和42%的儿童报告食用快餐。报告食用快餐的成年人和儿童比未报告食用快餐的人摄入更多的能量、脂肪、饱和脂肪、钠、碳酸软饮料，而维生素A和C、牛奶、水果和蔬菜的摄入量较低（P<0.001）。在食用快餐当天和未食用快餐当天的个体之间也观察到类似差异。
消费者应该意识到，食用高脂肪快餐可能会导致更高的能量和脂肪摄入量，以及更健康营养素的摄入量降低。
