居住在危地马拉五个社区的学龄儿童的龋齿情况。

Dental caries in school-age children residing in five Guatemalan communities.

作者信息

Archila Luis, Bartizek Robert D, Gerlach Robert W, Jacobs Steven A, Biesbrock Aaron R

机构信息

University of Texas Health Science Center Dental School at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

出版信息

J Clin Dent. 2003;14(3):53-8.

PMID:14520774

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The caries epidemiology within the country of Guatemala is poorly understood. This work reports the cross-sectional prevalence of caries in the permanent teeth of children between the ages of 6 and 12 years in five different communities within Guatemala, and relates the caries experience to the fluoride levels in the communal drinking water in each of these cities.

METHODOLOGY

These cities were selected because they represent geographically distinct regions of Guatemala, where there is no fluoridation of public drinking water. A total of 1,145 children were enrolled and examined in this study, with 227, 230, 231, 228 and 229 enrolled at Coban, Solola, Guatemala City, Chiquimula, and Estanzuela, respectively. Caries examinations were performed by a calibrated examiner using a visual tactile examination method performed with the aid of an artificial light, mouth mirror, compressed air, and a dental explorer employing a modified Radike criteria. Fluoride concentrations from drinking water, collected from the primary drinking water spigot at each elementary school in each city, were determined using ion chromatography.

RESULTS

The cross-sectional mean DMFS in children 6-8 years old was 4.61, 4.34, 3.75, 3.52 and 2.71 for Coban, Solola, Guatemala City, Chiquimula, and Estanzuela, respectively. The cross-sectional mean DMFS in children 9-12 years old was 10.96, 10.09, 8.67, 8.71 and 6.02 for Coban, Solola, Guatemala City, Chiquimula, and Estanzuela, respectively. The prevalence of caries in children between the ages of 9 and 12 years was greater than 90% in all five cities. The natural fluoride concentration in water was 0.05 ppm, 0.23 ppm, 0.14 ppm, 0.50 ppm, and 0.60 ppm for Coban, Solola, Guatemala City, Chiquimula, and Estanzuela, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Collectively, these data demonstrate that the high prevalence of caries in Guatemala appears to be directly correlated to levels of fluoride in the community drinking water.

摘要

目的

危地马拉国内的龋齿流行病学情况鲜为人知。本研究报告了危地马拉五个不同社区6至12岁儿童恒牙龋齿的横断面患病率，并将龋齿患病情况与这些城市公共饮用水中的氟含量相关联。

方法

选择这些城市是因为它们代表了危地马拉地理上不同的区域，这些地区的公共饮用水未进行氟化处理。本研究共纳入1145名儿童并进行检查，其中科万、索洛拉、危地马拉城、奇基穆拉和埃斯坦祖拉分别纳入227名、230名、231名、228名和229名。由经过校准的检查人员采用视觉触觉检查方法进行龋齿检查，检查借助人工光源、口镜、压缩空气以及采用改良拉迪克标准的牙科探针。使用离子色谱法测定从每个城市的每所小学的主要饮用水水龙头采集的饮用水中的氟化物浓度。

结果

6至8岁儿童的横断面平均龋失补牙面数（DMFS）在科万、索洛拉、危地马拉城、奇基穆拉和埃斯坦祖拉分别为4.61、4.34、3.75、3.52和2.71。9至12岁儿童的横断面平均DMFS在科万、索洛拉、危地马拉城、奇基穆拉和埃斯坦祖拉分别为10.96、10.09、8.67、8.71和6.02。在所有五个城市中，9至12岁儿童的龋齿患病率均超过90%。科万、索洛拉、危地马拉城、奇基穆拉和埃斯坦祖拉水中的天然氟化物浓度分别为0.05 ppm、0.23 ppm、0.14 ppm、0.50 ppm和0.60 ppm。