Markovich N A, Kononova G L
State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology Vektor, Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, 630559 Russia.
Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 2003 Jul-Aug;39(4):389-400.
Lytic enzymes of mycoparasitic fungi of the genus Trichoderma, capable of suppressing several fungal phytopathogens that originate in air or soil, are reviewed. The topics analyzed include (1) regulation of production of chitinases, beta-1,3-glucanases, and proteases; (2) molecular and catalytic properties of purified enzymes; and (3) their in vitro ability to degrade cell walls and inhibit sporulation or germ-tube elongation in various phytopathogenic fungi. Among the results summarized are reports of cloning the expression of genes coding for certain lytic enzymes of Trichoderma spp. These genes are used for obtaining plant transgenes with increased resistance to fungal diseases and Trichoderma transformants that produce higher levels of one lytic enzyme (a chitinase or protease) and thereby exhibit a more pronounced ability to suppress phytopathogenic fungi.
综述了木霉属真菌寄生真菌的溶菌酶，其能够抑制几种源自空气或土壤的真菌植物病原体。分析的主题包括：（1）几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和蛋白酶产生的调控；（2）纯化酶的分子和催化特性；（3）它们在体外降解细胞壁以及抑制各种植物病原真菌孢子形成或芽管伸长的能力。总结的结果中包括克隆木霉属某些溶菌酶编码基因表达的报告。这些基因用于获得对真菌病害抗性增强的植物转基因以及产生更高水平一种溶菌酶（几丁质酶或蛋白酶）从而表现出更显著抑制植物病原真菌能力的木霉转化体。
