Savitz J B, Jansen P
Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Genet Psychol. 2003 Sep;164(3):319-33. doi: 10.1080/00221320309597986.
The performance on the Stroop Color-Word Interference Test of 36 boys with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was compared with performances of a matched control sample. The control group outperformed their counterparts on the control and interference conditions of the Stroop test, suggesting ADHD-specific executive and reading deficits. When individuals with both ADHD and reading disorders were excluded from the analysis, the authors found a significant difference between the ADHD group and the control group on the color-word test, indicating that poor reading skills may produce false negatives on the Stroop test. However, fast and slow readers with ADHD did not perform differently from each other on the color-word test. The authors postulated the existence of two different causes of reading problems: phonological deficits and attentional deficits.
对36名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的男孩在斯特鲁普颜色-文字干扰测试中的表现与匹配的对照组样本的表现进行了比较。在斯特鲁普测试的控制条件和干扰条件下,对照组的表现优于其对应的ADHD组,这表明ADHD存在特定的执行功能和阅读缺陷。当将同时患有ADHD和阅读障碍的个体排除在分析之外时,作者发现ADHD组和对照组在颜色-文字测试上存在显著差异,这表明阅读技能差可能会在斯特鲁普测试中产生假阴性结果。然而,ADHD组中阅读速度快和慢的人在颜色-文字测试中的表现并没有差异。作者推测存在两种不同的阅读问题成因:语音缺陷和注意力缺陷。