Immunohistochemical localization of basement membrane type VII collagen and laminin in neoplasms of the head and neck.

The distribution pattern of the basement membrane components type VII collagen and laminin, was studied immunohistochemically in normal human head and neck tissues and in a series of benign and malignant tumours from the same site. Using monoclonal antibodies, a basement membrane containing type VII collagen and laminin could be demonstrated beneath the epithelial cell layer in 16 normal head and neck tissues from different localizations. Unlike type VII collagen, laminin was also abundantly present around blood vessels and muscle fibres. With respect to 42 squamous cell carcinomas studied, type VII collagen and laminin were present in basement membranes surrounding small and large tumour fields, independent of the tumour grade. Type VII collagen was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in 36% of the cases, while the antibody to laminin displayed a basement membrane staining pattern mainly. Both antibodies showed a staining gradient in more than half of the cases, with strong staining in the centre of the tumour and weakening of the staining towards the tumour periphery. In a series of 22 salivary gland tumours consisting of 19 pleomorphic adenomas and three adenoid cystic carcinomas, the distribution pattern of type VII collagen and laminin was very heterogeneous. Laminin was present in 17 and type VII collagen in 10 of 19 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, mostly scattered throughout the tumour fields. In the tumours positive for type VII collagen areas with little or no positivity were also found. A correlation between type VII collagen positivity and the presence of basal cell keratin 14 positivity was noticed in the majority of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)