Azizian Mohammad F, Nelson Peter O, Thayumanavan Pugazhendhi, Williamson Kenneth J
Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-2302, USA.
Waste Manag. 2003;23(8):719-28. doi: 10.1016/S0956-053X(03)00024-2.
The practice of incorporating certain waste products into highway construction and repair materials (CRMs) has become more popular. These practices have prompted the National Academy of Science, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) to research the possible impacts of these CRMs on the quality of surface and ground waters. State department of transportations (DOTs) are currently experimenting with use of ground tire rubber ( crumb rubber) in bituminous construction and as a crack sealer. Crumb rubber asphalt concrete (CR-AC) leachates contain a mixture of organic and metallic contaminants. Benzothiazole and 2(3H)-benzothiazolone (organic compounds used in tire rubber manufacturing) and the metals mercury and aluminum were leached in potentially harmful concentrations (exceeding toxic concentrations for aquatic toxicity tests). CR-AC leachate exhibited moderate to high toxicity for algae ( Selenastrum capriconutum) and moderate toxicity for water fleas ( Daphnia magna). Benzothiazole was readily removed from CR-AC leachate by the environmental processes of soil sorption, volatilization, and biodegradation. Metals, which do not volatilize or photochemically or biologically degrade, were removed from the leachate by soil sorption. Contaminants from CR-AC leachates are thus degraded or retarded in their transport through nearby soils and ground waters.
将某些废品纳入公路建设和修复材料（CRM）的做法越来越普遍。这些做法促使美国国家科学院国家公路合作研究计划（NCHRP）研究这些CRM对地表水和地下水质量的可能影响。各州交通运输部（DOT）目前正在试验在沥青施工中使用磨碎轮胎橡胶（橡胶颗粒）以及作为裂缝密封剂。橡胶颗粒沥青混凝土（CR-AC）渗滤液含有有机和金属污染物的混合物。苯并噻唑和2(3H)-苯并噻唑酮（用于轮胎橡胶制造的有机化合物）以及金属汞和铝以潜在有害浓度被浸出（超过水生毒性试验的有毒浓度）。CR-AC渗滤液对藻类（羊角月芽藻）表现出中度至高毒性，对水蚤（大型蚤）表现出中度毒性。苯并噻唑通过土壤吸附、挥发和生物降解等环境过程很容易从CR-AC渗滤液中去除。不会挥发、光化学降解或生物降解的金属通过土壤吸附从渗滤液中去除。因此，CR-AC渗滤液中的污染物在通过附近土壤和地下水的运输过程中会降解或减缓。
