Volicer Ladislav, Hurley Ann C
E N Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Sep;58(9):M837-45. doi: 10.1093/gerona/58.9.m837.
Management of behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and other progressive degenerative dementias poses continuous challenge to both family and professional caregivers. Behavioral symptoms are complex in nature and require that caregivers understand their presumed causes and intervene appropriately using validated caregiving techniques. Unfortunately, confusing terminology hampers improvement in management techniques. This review attempts to clarify terminology and specifically the behavioral symptoms "agitation" and "resistiveness to care" that require different management techniques. Several conceptual frameworks for behavioral symptoms of dementia are presented. These frameworks include behavioral models, a psychiatric model, and a comprehensive model that combines both behavioral and psychiatric strategies. Using precise terminology consistently and providing care based on a conceptual framework will facilitate the education of caregivers in appropriate techniques for management of behavioral symptoms of dementias.
阿尔茨海默病及其他进行性退行性痴呆的行为症状管理，对家庭和专业护理人员而言始终是一项挑战。行为症状本质复杂，要求护理人员了解其推测病因，并运用经过验证的护理技巧进行适当干预。不幸的是，术语混乱阻碍了管理技巧的改进。本综述试图厘清术语，特别是行为症状“激越”和“护理抗拒”，这两者需要不同的管理技巧。文中介绍了几种痴呆行为症状的概念框架。这些框架包括行为模型、精神病学模型，以及结合了行为和精神病学策略的综合模型。始终如一地使用精确术语，并基于概念框架提供护理，将有助于对护理人员进行痴呆行为症状管理适当技巧的培训。
