Bounds Thomas A, Schopp Laura, Johnstone Brick, Unger Clarinda, Goldman Herb
Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2003;18(3):189-96.
Because traumatic brain injury affects between 1.5 and 2 million individuals per year and results in long term vocational and financial difficulties, there is growing interest in determining those factors that predict successful outcomes for specific groups of individuals with TBI. An NIH consensus panel on TBI has suggested that women are one group that needs more attention, particularly given the studies indicating that men and women experience different cognitive [14], emotional [19], and vocational outcomes following TBI [5]. The current study evaluated differences in injury severity, demographics, neuropsychological abilities, and vocational and financial outcomes for 78 persons with TBI (55 male, 23 female) who received services from a state Vocational Rehabilitation Division (DVR). Despite similar injury severity, neuropsychological and demographic characteristics, more men (43.6%) received Maintenance services from MO-DVR than women (21.7%). Of note, only 4.4% of the women were successfully employed through DVR, compared to 23.6% of the men. In addition, 73.9% of the women had services terminated after being accepted by DVR but before services were initiated, compared to 56.4% of the men. The significance of these results is discussed, as are the limitations of the current project.
由于创伤性脑损伤每年影响150万至200万人，并导致长期的职业和经济困难，因此人们越来越关注确定那些能预测特定创伤性脑损伤患者群体成功预后的因素。一个国立卫生研究院（NIH）关于创伤性脑损伤的共识小组指出，女性是一个需要更多关注的群体，特别是考虑到有研究表明，男性和女性在创伤性脑损伤后会经历不同的认知[14]、情绪[19]和职业预后[5]。本研究评估了78名接受州职业康复部门（DVR）服务的创伤性脑损伤患者（55名男性，23名女性）在损伤严重程度、人口统计学特征、神经心理能力以及职业和经济预后方面的差异。尽管损伤严重程度、神经心理和人口统计学特征相似，但从密苏里州职业康复部门（MO-DVR）接受维持性服务的男性（43.6%）比女性（21.7%）更多。值得注意的是，通过DVR成功就业的女性仅占4.4%，而男性为23.6%。此外，73.9%的女性在被DVR接受但在服务开始前服务就被终止，而男性这一比例为56.4%。本文讨论了这些结果的意义以及当前项目的局限性。
