Ferretti Guido
Laboratorio di Fisiologia Umana, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Università di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25100 Brescia, Italy.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2003 Oct;90(3-4):344-50. doi: 10.1007/s00421-003-0923-2. Epub 2003 Oct 3.
In 1976, Paolo Cerretelli published an article entitled "Limiting factors to oxygen transport on Mount Everest" in the Journal of Applied Physiology. The paper demonstrated the role of cardiovascular oxygen transport in limiting maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). In agreement with the predominant view of VO2max limitation at that time, however, its results were taken to mean that cardiovascular oxygen transport does not limit VO2max at altitude. So it was argued that the limiting factor could be in the periphery, and muscle blood flow was proposed as a possible candidate. Despite this suggestion, the conclusion generated a series of papers on muscle structural characteristics. These experiments demonstrated a loss of muscle oxidative capacity in chronic hypoxia, and thus provided an unambiguous refutation of the then widespread hypothesis that an increased muscle oxidative capacity is needed at altitude to compensate for the lack of oxygen. This analysis is followed by a short account of Cerretelli's more recent work, with a special attention to the subject of the so-called "lactate paradox".
1976年，保罗·塞雷泰利在《应用生理学杂志》上发表了一篇题为《珠穆朗玛峰上氧气运输的限制因素》的文章。该论文论证了心血管氧气运输在限制最大耗氧量（VO2max）方面的作用。然而，与当时关于VO2max限制的主流观点一致，其结果被理解为心血管氧气运输在高海拔地区并不限制VO2max。因此有人认为限制因素可能在外周，肌肉血流量被提出作为一个可能的候选因素。尽管有此提议，但该结论引发了一系列关于肌肉结构特征的论文。这些实验证明了慢性低氧状态下肌肉氧化能力的丧失，从而明确反驳了当时广泛存在的一种假设，即高海拔地区需要增加肌肉氧化能力以补偿氧气不足。接下来对塞雷泰利最近的工作进行简要介绍，特别关注所谓“乳酸悖论”这一主题。
