Figueredo Elena, Cuesta-Herranz Javier, De-Miguel Jaime, Lázaro Milagros, Sastre Joaquin, Quirce Santiago, Lluch-Bernal Magdalena, De las Heras Manuel
Allergy Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2003 Sep;91(3):303-8. doi: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)63534-x.
Although melon is a frequent allergy-eliciting fruit, allergic reactions to melon have rarely been reported.
To evaluate and describe the clinical characteristics of melon allergy in melon-allergic patients.
We evaluated patients allergic to melon and a control group of patients allergic to pollen. The diagnosis of melon allergy was based on a convincing clinical history, positive skin test results (prick-by-prick test), and positive results on oral challenge tests to melon.
A total of 161 patients were included in the study: 66 in the melon allergy group and 95 in the pollen control group. The melon allergy group included 35 female and 31 male patients with a mean age of 26.6 +/- 2.7 years (range, 5-61 years). Although all patients had oral symptoms, 13 (19.7%) of the patients had extraoral symptoms and none experienced generalized urticaria or anaphylaxis. Excluding other Cucurbitaceae fruits, peach, fig, and kiwi most frequently elicited positive skin test results and symptoms. Up to 23% of melon-allergic patients had a concomitant latex sensitization. Melon allergy was especially linked to pollen allergy, since all the melon-allergic patients were also allergic to pollen. Some differential features with respect to the pollen allergy control group were a higher prevalence of asthma (odds ratio [OR], 2.13; P < 0.05) and a statistical increase in the frequency of sensitization to several tree and weed pollens, including Ulmus (OR, 42.8) and Ambrosia (OR, 22.4).
The most important conditions linked to melon allergy are pollen allergy (100%), allergy to other nonrelated fruits, mainly peach (up to 62%), and latex sensitivity (up to 23%). Some differential features of the pollinosis in melon allergy were a higher prevalence of asthma and a higher frequency of sensitization to several weed and tree pollens.
尽管甜瓜是一种常见的引发过敏的水果，但对甜瓜过敏反应的报道却很少。
评估并描述甜瓜过敏患者的临床特征。
我们对甜瓜过敏患者和花粉过敏患者对照组进行了评估。甜瓜过敏的诊断基于令人信服的临床病史、阳性皮肤试验结果（点刺试验）以及对甜瓜口服激发试验的阳性结果。
本研究共纳入161例患者：甜瓜过敏组66例，花粉对照组95例。甜瓜过敏组包括35名女性和31名男性患者，平均年龄为26.6±2.7岁（范围5 - 61岁）。尽管所有患者都有口腔症状，但13例（19.7%）患者有口腔外症状，且无一例出现全身性荨麻疹或过敏反应。排除其他葫芦科水果，桃子、无花果和猕猴桃最常引发阳性皮肤试验结果和症状。高达23%的甜瓜过敏患者同时对乳胶过敏。甜瓜过敏尤其与花粉过敏相关，因为所有甜瓜过敏患者也对花粉过敏。与花粉过敏对照组相比，一些差异特征包括哮喘患病率较高（优势比[OR]，2.13；P < 0.05）以及对几种树木和杂草花粉致敏频率的统计学增加，包括榆树（OR，42.8）和豚草（OR，22.4）。
与甜瓜过敏相关的最重要情况是花粉过敏（100%）、对其他不相关水果的过敏，主要是桃子（高达62%）以及乳胶敏感性（高达23%）。甜瓜过敏中花粉症的一些差异特征是哮喘患病率较高以及对几种杂草和树木花粉致敏频率较高。
