Matschke G H, Fagerstone K A
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1977 Nov;3(4):735-43. doi: 10.1080/15287397709529608.
6-Aminonicotinamide (6-AN), a potential broad-spectrum rodenticide, was examined for embryotoxic and teratogenic potential. Mice of the BALB/c strain were given a single oral dose of 1, 17, 34, 51 or 136 mg/kg on one of days 8 to 13 of gestation. Fetuses were either examined on day 18 post coitum (prenatal study), or allowed to go to term and examined 2 days after birth. Dam weights were significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) at dose levels of 17 mg/kg and greater. These same dose levels caused a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) in litter size and in mean fetal weight. They also caused an increase in the number of resorptions. Hydrocephalus and cleft palate were the most frequent visceral anomalies and were dose-dependent. Skeletal anomalies were also dose-dependent, and the fetus was most susceptible on days 8 to 10 post coitum. A significant (p less than 0.05) increase in the ratio of female to male fetuses was observed at dose levels of 34 mg/kg and greater. Surviving 2-day-old pups had few visceral anomalies but skeletal anomalies were more frequent. Because of its teratogenic properties, it would be difficult to register 6-AN for use against commensal rodents or as a broad-spectrum rodenticide for use in agricultural crops.
6-氨基烟酰胺（6-AN）是一种潜在的广谱灭鼠剂，对其胚胎毒性和致畸潜力进行了研究。在妊娠第8至13天的某一天，给BALB/c品系的小鼠单次口服剂量为1、17、34、51或136 mg/kg。在交配后第18天检查胎儿（产前研究），或者让胎儿足月出生，并在出生后2天进行检查。剂量水平为17 mg/kg及以上时，母鼠体重显著降低（p<0.01）。这些相同的剂量水平导致窝仔数和平均胎儿体重显著下降（p<0.01）。它们还导致吸收数增加。脑积水和腭裂是最常见的内脏异常，且呈剂量依赖性。骨骼异常也呈剂量依赖性，胎儿在交配后第8至10天最易受影响。在剂量水平为34 mg/kg及以上时，观察到雌性胎儿与雄性胎儿的比例显著增加（p<0.05）。存活的2日龄幼崽内脏异常较少，但骨骼异常更为常见。由于其致畸特性，6-AN很难被注册用于防治家栖啮齿动物或作为用于农作物的广谱灭鼠剂。
