Tzischinsky O, Zohar D, Epstein R, Chillag N, Lavie P
Center for Work Safety and Human Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 2001 Dec;30(1-2):357-62.
Burnout is a syndrome of physical and emotional exhaustion that develops among individuals who are open to public demands. In view of their heavy work load and sleep deprivation, we decided to evaluate the impact of long working hours on burnout and psychological status among a sample of residents during the first 2 years of their residency. Seventy-eight residents participated in the study, all residents completed self-administered questionnaires, and their sleep-wake cycle was monitored by a wrist-worn actigraph for a period of 5-7 days. The questionnaires included a short form suitable for Experience Sampling Method (ESM), and a longer background Questionnaire. The results revealed that sleep duration, Work Load and the interaction between them, explain the Negative Mood the day after the night shift. However, positive mood, and fatigue were not affected by sleep duration or workload. In general, after one year of residency, residents become more stressed, less involved in the job, and had a high level of burnout and psychosomatic symptoms. However, after the second year, the burnout symptoms were almost the same as at the beginning except for the level of stress that remained high. Sleep duration was unrelated to the burnout symptoms.
职业倦怠是一种身心疲惫的综合征，在那些面对公众需求的个体中出现。鉴于他们繁重的工作量和睡眠不足，我们决定在住院医师培训的头两年，对一组住院医师样本中长时间工作对职业倦怠和心理状态的影响进行评估。78名住院医师参与了该研究，所有住院医师都完成了自我管理问卷，并且他们的睡眠-清醒周期通过佩戴在手腕上的活动记录仪监测了5至7天。问卷包括一份适合经验取样法（ESM）的简短表格，以及一份较长的背景问卷。结果显示，睡眠时间、工作量以及它们之间的相互作用，可以解释夜班后第二天的负面情绪。然而，积极情绪和疲劳并未受到睡眠时间或工作量的影响。总体而言，住院医师培训一年后，住院医师压力更大，对工作的投入度降低，并且有较高水平的职业倦怠和身心症状。然而，第二年之后，除了压力水平仍然较高外，职业倦怠症状几乎与开始时相同。睡眠时间与职业倦怠症状无关。
