Kinzl J F, Traweger C, Biebl W, Lederer W
Klinische Abteilung für Psychosomatische Medizin, Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2006 Nov 3;131(44):2461-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-955030.
The various acute and chronic demands and burdens put ICU staff at greater risk for developing psychological and stress disorders. It was the aim of this study to assess the prevalence rates of burnout-syndrome in anesthetists, and to evaluate the contribution of working conditions to the development of burnout.
Self-reporting questionnaires were used to assess emotional well-being and physical health, burnout-syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and working conditions (Instrument for Stress-Oriented Task Analysis) in 89 anaesthetists (56 males, 33 females).
One quarter of the anaesthetists show high values on the subscales "emotional exhaustion" or "depersonalization", and one fifth low values on the subscale "lack of personal accomplishment". About one quarter of the probands may be seen as "at risk for burnout". Feelings of ill-health are relatively frequent in both sexes. Long working hours and night duties, the cooperation with members of different occupational groups, and small working place resources are seen as particular stresses.
Burnout-syndrome and psychosomatic symptoms are frequent in intensive care doctors. But preventive measures such as adequate resources at the work place and supervision can influence personal behavior and working conditions, and thus reduce the risk of burnout.
重症监护病房（ICU）工作人员面临的各种急慢性需求和负担，使其患心理和应激障碍的风险更高。本研究旨在评估麻醉医生职业倦怠综合征的患病率，并评估工作条件对职业倦怠发生的影响。
采用自我报告问卷对89名麻醉医生（56名男性，33名女性）的情绪健康、身体健康、职业倦怠综合征（马氏职业倦怠量表）和工作条件（压力导向任务分析工具）进行评估。
四分之一的麻醉医生在“情感耗竭”或“去个性化”子量表上得分较高，五分之一的医生在“个人成就感低落”子量表上得分较低。约四分之一的受试者可被视为“有职业倦怠风险”。男女两性身体不适的感觉都较为常见。长时间工作和夜间值班、与不同职业群体成员的合作以及工作场所资源不足被视为特别的压力源。
职业倦怠综合征和身心症状在重症监护医生中很常见。但诸如工作场所充足的资源和监督等预防措施可以影响个人行为和工作条件，并因此降低职业倦怠的风险。
