Johansen Katherine A, Green Ryan B, Iwaki D David, Hernandez Jeniffer B, Lengyel Judith A
Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Box 160606, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA.
Mech Dev. 2003 Oct;120(10):1139-51. doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2003.08.001.
The elucidation of pathways linking patterning to morphogenesis is a problem of great interest. We show here that, in addition to their roles in patterning and morphogenesis of the hindgut, the Drosophila genes drumstick (drm) and bowl are required in the foregut for spatially localized gene expression and the morphogenetic processes that form the proventriculus. drm and bowl belong to a family of genes encoding C(2)H(2) zinc finger proteins; the other two members of this family are odd-skipped (odd) and sob. In both the fore- and hindgut, drm acts upstream of lines (lin), which encodes a putative transcriptional regulator, and relieves its repressive function. In spite of its phenotypic similarities with drm, bowl was found in both foregut and hindgut to act downstream, rather than upstream, of lin. These results support a hierarchy in which Drm relieves the repressive effect of Lin on Bowl, and Bowl then acts to promote spatially localized expression of genes (particularly the JAK/STAT pathway ligand encoded by upd) that control fore- and hindgut morphogenesis. Since the odd-family and lin are conserved in mosquito, mouse, and humans, we propose that the odd-family genes and lin may also interact to control patterning and morphogenesis in other insects and in vertebrates.
阐明将模式形成与形态发生联系起来的途径是一个备受关注的问题。我们在此表明，除了在后肠的模式形成和形态发生中发挥作用外，果蝇基因鼓槌（drm）和碗状（bowl）在前肠中对于空间定位的基因表达以及形成前胃的形态发生过程也是必需的。drm和bowl属于一个编码C(2)H(2)锌指蛋白的基因家族；该家族的另外两个成员是奇跳（odd）和sob。在前肠和后肠中，drm都作用于编码一种假定转录调节因子的线条（lin）的上游，并解除其抑制功能。尽管bowl在表型上与drm相似，但发现在前肠和后肠中它都作用于lin的下游而非上游。这些结果支持了一种层级关系，即Drm解除Lin对Bowl的抑制作用，然后Bowl发挥作用促进控制前肠和后肠形态发生的基因（特别是由upd编码的JAK/STAT信号通路配体）的空间定位表达。由于odd家族和lin在蚊子、小鼠和人类中是保守的，我们提出odd家族基因和lin也可能相互作用以控制其他昆虫和脊椎动物的模式形成和形态发生。
