Booth James R, Burman Douglas D, Meyer Joel R, Lei Zhang, Trommer Barbara L, Davenport Nicholas D, Li Wei, Parrish Todd B, Gitelman Darren R, Mesulam M Marsel
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Neuroimage. 2003 Oct;20(2):737-51. doi: 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00404-X.
Brain activation differences between 12 children (9- to 12-year-olds) and 12 adults (20- to 30-year-olds) were examined on two cognitive tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Spatial selective attention was measured with the visual search for a conjunction target (red triangle) in a field of distracters and response inhibition was measured with a go no-go task. There were small developmental differences in the selective attention task, with children showing greater activation than adults in the anterior cingulate and thalamus. There were large developmental differences in the response inhibition task, with children showing greater activation than adults in a fronto-striatal network including middle cingulate, medial frontal gyrus, medial aspects of bilateral superior frontal gyrus, and the caudate nucleus on the left. Children also showed greater bilateral activation for the response inhibition task in posterior cingulate, thalamus and the hippocampo-amygdaloid region. The extensive developmental differences on the response inhibition task are consistent with the prolonged maturation of the fronto-striatal network.
在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）过程中，对12名儿童（9至12岁）和12名成年人（20至30岁）在两项认知任务中的大脑激活差异进行了检查。通过在干扰物场中视觉搜索联合目标（红色三角形）来测量空间选择性注意力，通过执行/不执行任务来测量反应抑制。在选择性注意力任务中存在较小的发育差异，儿童在前扣带回和丘脑中的激活程度高于成年人。在反应抑制任务中存在较大的发育差异，儿童在包括中扣带回、内侧额回、双侧额上回内侧部分和左侧尾状核的额纹状体网络中的激活程度高于成年人。儿童在反应抑制任务中在后扣带回、丘脑和海马杏仁核区域也表现出更大的双侧激活。反应抑制任务中广泛的发育差异与额纹状体网络的长期成熟相一致。
