Davies P F, Robotewskyj A, Griem M L, Dull R O, Polacek D C
Department of Pathology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago Ill. 60637.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992 Dec;116(12):1301-6.
As the interface between the blood and the rest of the vessel wall, the endothelium is directly affected by hemodynamic shear stress (frictional) forces that locally regulate vascular tone and are implicated in the localization of atherosclerosis. There are many diverse responses of endothelial cells to hemodynamically related mechanical stresses ranging from ion channel activation to gene regulatory events. The processes of force transmission from the blood to the cell, and force transduction within the endothelium to electrophysiologic, biochemical, and transcriptional responses are poorly understood. This article reviews the principal mechanisms currently thought to be involved and outlines the signal pathways from the endothelium to underlying smooth-muscle cells.
作为血液与血管壁其他部分之间的界面，内皮细胞直接受到血流动力学剪切应力（摩擦力）的影响，这些力在局部调节血管张力，并与动脉粥样硬化的定位有关。内皮细胞对与血流动力学相关的机械应力有许多不同的反应，范围从离子通道激活到基因调控事件。从血液到细胞的力传递过程，以及内皮细胞内从力转导到电生理、生化和转录反应的过程，目前还了解甚少。本文综述了目前认为涉及的主要机制，并概述了从内皮细胞到下层平滑肌细胞的信号通路。
