Neale Rachel E, Purdie Jennifer L, Hirst Lawrence W, Green Adèle C
Population Studies and Human Genetics Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.
Epidemiology. 2003 Nov;14(6):707-12. doi: 10.1097/01.ede.0000086881.84657.98.
Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment throughout the world. An association of sun exposure with cortical cataract has been well established, but the association with nuclear cataract remains unclear.
This case-control study was nested within the Nambour (Australia) Trial of Skin Cancer Prevention conducted between 1992 and 1996. We compared 195 cases who had a nuclear opacity of grade 2.0 or greater with 159 controls. Structured questionnaires were used to ascertain lifetime sun exposure history, eyeglasses and sunglasses use, and potentially confounding variables such as education and smoking.
There was a strong positive association of occupational sun exposure between the ages of 20 and 29 years with nuclear cataract (odds ratio = 5.9; 95% confidence interval = 2.1-17.1). Exposure later in life resulted in weaker associations. Wearing sunglasses, particularly during these early years, afforded some protective effect.
This study provides new evidence to support a link between sun exposure and nuclear cataract. Risk was highest among those with high sun exposure at younger ages.
白内障是全球失明和视力损害的主要原因。阳光照射与皮质性白内障之间的关联已得到充分证实，但与核性白内障的关联仍不明确。
本病例对照研究嵌套于1992年至1996年在澳大利亚楠伯尔进行的皮肤癌预防试验中。我们将195例核混浊程度为2.0级或更高的患者与159例对照进行了比较。使用结构化问卷来确定终生阳光照射史、眼镜和太阳镜的使用情况，以及潜在的混杂变量，如教育程度和吸烟情况。
20至29岁之间的职业性阳光照射与核性白内障之间存在强烈的正相关（比值比=5.9；95%置信区间=2.1-17.1）。晚年暴露的相关性较弱。佩戴太阳镜，尤其是在早年，有一定的保护作用。
本研究提供了新的证据支持阳光照射与核性白内障之间的联系。年轻时阳光照射量高的人群风险最高。
