Esmorís-Arranz Francisco J, Pardo-Vázquez José L, Vázquez-García Gustavo A
Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2003 Oct;29(4):334-40. doi: 10.1037/0097-7403.29.4.334.
To test several predictions derived from a behavior-systems approach, the authors assessed Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats after 30 trials of forward, simultaneous, or unpaired training. Direct evidence of conditioned fear was collected through observation of flight and freezing reactions during presentations of the conditioned stimulus (CS) alone. The authors also tested the CS's potential to reinforce an instrumental escape response in an escape-from-fear paradigm. On the one hand, rats that received forward training showed conditioned freezing, but no conditioned flight was observed. On the other hand, rats that received simultaneous training showed conditioned flight, but no conditioned freezing was observed. Rats that received either forward or simultaneous pairings showed instrumental learning of the escape-from-fear response. Implications for several theories of Pavlovian conditioning are discussed.
为了检验从行为系统方法得出的几个预测，作者在对大鼠进行30次正向、同时性或非配对训练后，评估了巴甫洛夫式恐惧条件反射。通过单独观察条件刺激（CS）呈现期间的逃跑和僵住反应，收集了条件恐惧的直接证据。作者还在恐惧逃避范式中测试了CS强化工具性逃避反应的潜力。一方面，接受正向训练的大鼠表现出条件性僵住，但未观察到条件性逃跑。另一方面，接受同时性训练的大鼠表现出条件性逃跑，但未观察到条件性僵住。接受正向或同时性配对训练的大鼠表现出对恐惧逃避反应的工具性学习。文中讨论了对几种巴甫洛夫条件反射理论的启示。
