Lerman Caryn, Shields Peter G, Wileyto E Paul, Audrain Janet, Hawk Larry H, Pinto Angela, Kucharski Susan, Krishnan Shiva, Niaura Ray, Epstein Leonard H
University of Pennsylvania, Dept of Psychiatry, Abramson Cancer Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Health Psychol. 2003 Sep;22(5):541-8. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.541.
This study examined the role of dopaminergic genes in prospective smoking cessation and response to bupropion treatment in a placebo-controlled clinical trial. Smokers of European ancestry (N=418) provided blood samples for genetic analysis and received either bupropion or placebo (10 weeks) plus counseling. Assessments included the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) genotype, dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genotype, demographic factors, and nicotine dependence. Smoking status was verified at the end of treatment (EOT) and at 6-month follow-up. The results provided evidence for a significant DRD2 * SLC6A3 interaction effect on prolonged smoking abstinence and time to relapse at EOT, independent of treatment condition. Such effects were no longer significant at 6-month follow-up, however. These results provide the first evidence from a prospective clinical trial that genes that alter dopamine function may influence smoking cessation and relapse during the treatment phase.
在一项安慰剂对照临床试验中，本研究调查了多巴胺能基因在前瞻性戒烟及安非他酮治疗反应中的作用。欧洲裔吸烟者（N = 418）提供血样用于基因分析，并接受安非他酮或安慰剂治疗（10周）加咨询服务。评估内容包括多巴胺D2受体（DRD2）基因型、多巴胺转运体（SLC6A3）基因型、人口统计学因素和尼古丁依赖情况。在治疗结束时（EOT）及6个月随访时核实吸烟状态。结果表明，存在显著的DRD2*SLC6A3交互作用，可延长EOT时的戒烟时间及复发时间，且与治疗条件无关。然而，在6个月随访时，这种效应不再显著。这些结果为前瞻性临床试验提供了首个证据，表明改变多巴胺功能的基因可能会影响治疗阶段的戒烟及复发情况。
