Lerman C, Caporaso N E, Audrain J, Main D, Bowman E D, Lockshin B, Boyd N R, Shields P G
Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007-4104, USA.
Health Psychol. 1999 Jan;18(1):14-20. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.18.1.14.
Twin studies suggest that propensity to smoke and ability to quit smoking are influenced by genetic factors. As a means of investigating the risk of smoking associated with genetic polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) and the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) genes, a case-control study of 289 smokers and 233 nonsmoking controls and a case series analysis of smokers were conducted. A significant effect for SLC6A3 and a significant gene-gene interaction were found in a logistic regression model, indicating that individuals with SLC6A3-9 genotypes were significantly less likely to be smokers, especially if they also had DRD2-A2 genotypes. Smokers with SLC6A3-9 genotypes were also significantly less likely to have started smoking before 16 years of age and had prior smoking histories indicating a longer period of prior smoking cessation. This study provides preliminary evidence that the SLC6A3 gene may influence smoking initiation and nicotine dependence.
双胞胎研究表明，吸烟倾向和戒烟能力受遗传因素影响。作为一种调查与多巴胺转运体（SLC6A3）和D2多巴胺受体（DRD2）基因中的基因多态性相关的吸烟风险的方法，开展了一项针对289名吸烟者和233名非吸烟对照者的病例对照研究以及对吸烟者的病例系列分析。在逻辑回归模型中发现了SLC6A3的显著效应以及显著的基因-基因相互作用，这表明具有SLC6A3-9基因型的个体成为吸烟者的可能性显著降低，尤其是当他们同时也具有DRD2-A2基因型时。具有SLC6A3-9基因型的吸烟者在16岁之前开始吸烟的可能性也显著降低，并且其既往吸烟史表明之前戒烟的时间更长。这项研究提供了初步证据，表明SLC6A3基因可能影响吸烟起始和尼古丁依赖。
