Chávez Juliana Helena, Campana Sabrina Gonçalves, Haas Patrícia
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curso de Farmácia-Bioquímica, Floranianópolis (SC), Brasil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003 Aug;14(2):91-6. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892003000700003.
To provide an overview of hepatitis B infection in Brazil overall, in the South of Brazil, and in the state of Santa Catarina (in southeastern Brazil) for the period of 1996 through 2002, taking into consideration such epidemiological aspects as age and sex.
Data were obtained through a literature review and by consulting with Brazil's National Health Foundation and with Santa Catarina's Department of Epidemiological Surveillance.
In Brazil, from 1996 through 2000, hepatitis B was the second most prevalent type of viral hepatitis (25%), with hepatitis A leading in terms of the proportion of cases (43%). In Santa Catarina there was a predominance of hepatitis B in relation to other types of hepatitis from 1997 through 2001. In both Brazil and Santa Catarina there was a larger number of cases among males than among females. In terms of age, the highest incidence was found among those 20 to 49 years old in Santa Catarina and among those over 30 for Brazil overall. The South of Brazil was the country's region with the highest incidence of hepatitis B from 1997 through 1999. In Santa Catarina the largest number of cases from 1996 through 2002 occurred in the southern part of the state, followed by the northeastern and far western sections of the state.
The number of cases of hepatitis B is still growing in Brazil, and it is important to consider that underreporting may have affected the results described in this study. Throughout Brazil, vaccination should be extended to include adolescents in regions that have a moderate to high incidence of hepatitis B.
概述1996年至2002年期间巴西全国、巴西南部以及圣卡塔琳娜州（位于巴西东南部）的乙型肝炎感染情况，同时考虑年龄和性别等流行病学因素。
数据通过文献综述以及咨询巴西国家卫生基金会和圣卡塔琳娜州流行病学监测部门获得。
在巴西，1996年至2000年期间，乙型肝炎是第二大流行的病毒性肝炎类型（占25%），甲型肝炎在病例比例方面居首（占43%）。1997年至2001年期间，在圣卡塔琳娜州，乙型肝炎相对于其他类型的肝炎占主导地位。在巴西和圣卡塔琳娜州，男性病例数均多于女性。在年龄方面，圣卡塔琳娜州20至49岁人群的发病率最高，而巴西全国30岁以上人群的发病率最高。1997年至1999年期间，巴西南部是巴西乙型肝炎发病率最高的地区。1996年至2002年期间，圣卡塔琳娜州病例数最多的地区是该州南部，其次是东北部和远西部。
巴西乙型肝炎病例数仍在增长，并且必须考虑到漏报可能影响了本研究中所描述的结果。在巴西全国，应扩大疫苗接种范围，将乙型肝炎发病率中等至高的地区的青少年纳入其中。
