Trinkaus Erik, Marks Anthony E, Brugal Jean Philip, Bailey Shara E, Rink W Jack, Richter Daniel
Department of Anthropology, Campus Box 1114, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
J Hum Evol. 2003 Sep;45(3):219-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2003.07.001.
Later Middle Pleistocene archeological deposits of the Galeria Pesada (Gruta da Aroeira), Almonda Karstic System, Torres Novas, Portugal, yielded two archaic human teeth, a mandibular canine and a maxillary third molar. The C(1)presents moderate and asymmetrical shoveling with a stout root. The slightly worn M(3)exhibits at least four cusps with a large hypocone, three roots with large radicular plates, and an absence of taurodontism. They are moderately large for later Middle Pleistocene humans in their buccolingual crown diameters, although the M(3)mesiodistal diameter is modest. The C(1)exhibits labial calculus and multiple linear hypoplastic defects, but the M(3)is lesion free. Both teeth are morphologically similar to those of other Middle Pleistocene European humans and reinforce a pattern of dental hypertrophy among these archaic Homo.
葡萄牙托雷斯诺瓦斯市阿尔蒙达岩溶系统的佩萨达画廊（阿罗埃拉洞穴）中更新世晚期考古沉积物中出土了两颗古老人类牙齿，一颗下颌犬齿和一颗上颌第三磨牙。C(1)呈现中度且不对称的铲形，牙根粗壮。稍有磨损的M(3)至少有四个牙尖，有一个大的次尖，三根牙根有大的牙根板，且无牛牙症。就更新世中期人类而言，它们的颊舌径适中偏大，不过M(3)的近远中径适中。C(1)有唇侧牙结石和多处线性发育不全缺陷，但M(3)无病变。两颗牙齿在形态上与其他中更新世欧洲人类的牙齿相似，强化了这些古老智人牙齿肥大的模式。
