Yeung Nick, Monsell Stephen
U Cambridge, Dept of Psychology, Cambridge, England.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2003 Oct;29(5):919-36. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.29.5.919.
Four experiments investigated the effect of recent selective practice on the cost of switching between 2 tasks afforded by letter-digit pairs: alphabet arithmetic and shape comparison. Experiments 1 and 2 found a greater cost associated with switching to the more recently practiced task: evidence that task-set inertia contributes to switching costs. Experiment 3 found this effect to be limited to trials on which a recently trained stimulus followed another such stimulus: a result problematic for all current theories of task-set priming. Experiment 4 showed that the effect of recent practice was eliminated by active preparation for a task switch: It appears that endogenous task-set preparation reduces the effects of task-set inertia. ((c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved)
四项实验研究了近期选择性练习对由字母 - 数字对提供的两项任务（字母算术和形状比较）之间切换成本的影响。实验1和实验2发现，切换到最近练习过的任务会产生更高的成本：这证明任务集惯性会导致切换成本。实验3发现，这种效应仅限于最近训练的刺激之后紧跟着另一个此类刺激的试验：这一结果对当前所有任务集启动理论来说都存在问题。实验4表明，通过积极准备任务切换可以消除近期练习的影响：似乎内源性任务集准备可以减少任务集惯性的影响。（(c) 2003美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
