Crockett D J, Hadjistavropoulos T, Hurwitz T
Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 1992;7(1):97-107.
The present study examined the manifestation of the primacy and recency effects in patients with anterior brain damage, posterior brain damage, and psychiatric inpatients with no known organic impairment. All three groups of patients demonstrated both a primacy and a recency effect on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Differences among the three groups with respect to the magnitude of primacy and recency as well as with other variables reflecting free recall were nonsignificant. These findings limit the use of primacy and recency for the differentiation of memory deficits due to organic and nonorganic causes.
本研究考察了患有前脑损伤、后脑损伤的患者以及无已知器质性损伤的精神科住院患者中首因效应和近因效应的表现。所有三组患者在雷伊听觉词语学习测验（RAVLT）中均表现出首因效应和近因效应。三组在首因效应和近因效应的程度以及反映自由回忆的其他变量方面的差异不显著。这些发现限制了使用首因效应和近因效应来区分由器质性和非器质性原因导致的记忆缺陷。
