Heyes Cecilia
University College London, Department of Psychology, London, England.
Psychol Rev. 2003 Oct;110(4):713-27. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.110.4.713.
Four routes of cognitive evolution are distinguished: phylogenetic construction, in which natural selection produces qualitative change to the way a cognitive mechanism operates (language); phylogenetic inflection, in which natural selection biases the input to a cognitive mechanism (imprinting and spatial memory); ontogenetic construction, in which developmental selection alters the way a cognitive mechanism operates (face recognition and theory of mind); and ontogenetic inflection, in which developmental selection changes the input to a cognitive mechanism (imitation). This framework integrates findings from evolutionary psychology (i.e., all research on the evolution of mentality and behavior). In contrast with human nativist evolutionary psychology, it recognizes the adaptive significance of developmental processes, conserves the distinction between cognitive and noncognitive mechanisms, and encompasses research on human and nonhuman animals.
系统发生构建，即自然选择使认知机制的运作方式产生质性变化（如语言）；系统发生转折，即自然选择使认知机制的输入产生偏差（如印记学习和空间记忆）；个体发生构建，即发育选择改变认知机制的运作方式（如面部识别和心理理论）；个体发生转折，即发育选择改变认知机制的输入（如模仿）。该框架整合了进化心理学的研究结果（即所有关于心理和行为进化的研究）。与人类先天论进化心理学不同，它认识到发育过程的适应性意义，保留了认知机制与非认知机制之间的区别，并涵盖了对人类和非人类动物的研究。
