Amsel A
Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;23(2):67-70. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(92)90002-z.
The behaviorism that cognitive scientists attack is a caricature, drawn primarily from the more polemical writings of J. B. Watson and B. F. Skinner. In this brief commentary, I discuss the fact that these writings, and especially Skinner's, offered the neocognitivists such a polar difference from their own position, that it was easier to ignore the distinction between behaviorism and neobehaviorism than to recognize it. I point out that there are factors in Skinner's intellectual history that may account for the emergence of his more radical behaviorism out of what was essentially his own theoretical, neobehavioristic approach to the study of conditioning and learning.
认知科学家所抨击的行为主义是一种 caricature，主要取材于 J. B. 华生和 B. F. 斯金纳更具论战性的著作。在这篇简短的评论中，我探讨了这样一个事实：这些著作，尤其是斯金纳的著作，与新认知主义者的立场形成了如此极端的差异，以至于忽视行为主义和新行为主义之间的区别比认识到它更容易。我指出，在斯金纳的学术生涯中有一些因素，可能解释了他更为激进的行为主义是如何从他本质上属于新行为主义的关于条件作用和学习研究的理论方法中产生的。 （注：caricature 此处可能是指“夸张的描述、滑稽模仿”之类意思，但因未完整语境较难准确翻译其在文中的具体所指）
