Moynihan Timothy J
Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2003 Nov;78(11):1397-401. doi: 10.4065/78.11.1397.
Pain is a common symptom at the end of life. The vast majority of pain can be readily managed if simple principles of practice are followed. Chronic pain requires continuous analgesia, and severe pain requires use of strong analgesics, most commonly the opioids. In addition to drugs administered continually, short-acting medications must be available for "breakthrough" pain. This article reviews the principles of pain management in terminally ill patients, using a case-based demonstration.
疼痛是临终时的常见症状。如果遵循简单的实践原则，绝大多数疼痛都可以很容易地得到控制。慢性疼痛需要持续镇痛，而剧烈疼痛则需要使用强效镇痛药，最常用的是阿片类药物。除了持续给药外，还必须备有短效药物用于治疗“爆发性”疼痛。本文通过一个基于病例的演示，回顾了晚期患者疼痛管理的原则。
