Miles D M, Moore P A, Smith D R, Rice D W, Stilborn H L, Rowe D R, Lott B D, Branton S L, Simmons J D
USDA-ARS, Waste Management and Forage Research Unit, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.
Poult Sci. 2003 Oct;82(10):1544-9. doi: 10.1093/ps/82.10.1544.
Three pen trials were conducted to determine the main effect of alum addition to litter on form of poultry litter P using a 2 x 2 factorial structure of the subunit treatments: diets including high available phosphorus/low phytate corn (HAPC) and phytase (PHYT). Male broilers (1,760 per flock) were grown to 42 d having starter diets with 0.45% available P and grower diets with 0.35% available P. In the first trial, total litter P (tP) was greatest for the yellow dent corn (YDC) diet (12 g/kg) and least for the HAPC and PHYT combination (H&P) diet (6.9 g/kg) with the individual PHYT and HAPC diets falling in between at 9.1 g/kg and 9.4 g/kg tP. Also in the first trial, the litter water-soluble P (wP) was highest for PHYT (2.8 g/kg), least for the HAPC and H&P diets (1.5 g/kg) with the YDC diet falling between (2.2 g/kg). Alum was added to the litter after the first experiment. In the second and third experiments, alum inclusion significantly reduced the wP when compared with the treatments with no alum. In the third trial, the least wP was present in the alum-HAPC treatment. Phytase, YDC, and HAPC diets with no alum litter treatment generated the most wP. Since these diets appear to have little or no difference with respect to quantity of wP, this work suggests that form of litter P generated by alternative diets should be considered as criteria when attempting to reduce P in broiler litter applied to land.
进行了三项试验，采用2×2析因结构的亚组处理来确定在垫料中添加明矾对家禽垫料磷形态的主要影响：日粮包括高有效磷/低植酸玉米（HAPC）和植酸酶（PHYT）。雄性肉鸡（每群1760只）饲养至42日龄，开食日粮有效磷含量为0.45%，生长日粮有效磷含量为0.35%。在第一次试验中，黄马齿玉米（YDC）日粮的总垫料磷（tP）最高（12 g/kg），HAPC和PHYT组合（H&P）日粮的总垫料磷最低（6.9 g/kg），单独的PHYT和HAPC日粮的总垫料磷介于两者之间，分别为9.1 g/kg和9.4 g/kg。同样在第一次试验中，垫料水溶性磷（wP）以PHYT最高（2.8 g/kg），HAPC和H&P日粮最低（1.5 g/kg），YDC日粮介于两者之间（2.2 g/kg）。第一次试验结束后，在垫料中添加了明矾。在第二次和第三次试验中，与未添加明矾的处理相比，添加明矾显著降低了水溶性磷。在第三次试验中，明矾-HAPC处理的水溶性磷最低。未添加明矾垫料处理的植酸酶、YDC和HAPC日粮产生的水溶性磷最多。由于这些日粮在水溶性磷的量方面似乎几乎没有差异，这项研究表明，在试图减少施用于土地的肉鸡垫料中的磷时，应将替代日粮产生的垫料磷形态作为标准来考虑。
