Buhr R J, Berrang M E, Cason J A
USDA, ARS Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30604-5677, USA.
Poult Sci. 2003 Oct;82(10):1641-7. doi: 10.1093/ps/82.10.1641.
Genetically feathered and featherless sibling broilers selected for matched BW were killed, scalded, and defeathered to determine the consequences of feathers and empty feather follicles on the recovery of bacteria from carcass breast skin. In trial 1, the vents of all carcasses were plugged and sutured before scalding to prevent the expulsion of cloacal contents during picking. In trial 2, half of the carcasses had their vents plugged and sutured. Immediately after defeathering, breast skin was aseptically removed, and bacteria associated with it were enumerated. In trial 1, the levels of bacteria recovered did not differ between feathered and featherless carcasses: Campylobacter log10 1.4 cfu/mL of rinse, coliform log10 1.8, Escherichia coli log10 1.6, and total aerobic bacteria log10 3.1. In trial 2, the carcasses that had vents plugged and sutured had lower levels of all four types of bacteria (differences of Campylobacter log10 0.7 cfu/mL, coliform log10 1.8, E. coli log10 1.7, and total aerobic bacteria log10 0.5) than those carcasses with open vents. The lower levels of bacteria recovered from carcasses with the vents plugged and sutured during picking enabled detection of small but significant differences between feathered and featherless carcasses. The level of coliform and E. coli recovered was slightly higher by log10 0.7 cfu for feathered carcasses, but featherless carcasses had marginally higher levels of total aerobic bacteria by log10 0.4 cfu. Feathered and featherless carcasses with open vents during picking did not differ in the levels of recovery of coliform, E. coli, and total aerobic bacteria from breast skin.
选择体重匹配的有羽毛和无羽毛的同胞肉鸡进行宰杀、烫毛和脱毛，以确定羽毛和空毛囊对胴体胸部皮肤细菌回收的影响。在试验1中，所有胴体的泄殖腔在烫毛前进行堵塞和缝合，以防止脱毛过程中泄殖腔内容物排出。在试验2中，一半的胴体进行泄殖腔堵塞和缝合。脱毛后立即无菌采集胸部皮肤，并对其上的细菌进行计数。在试验1中，有羽毛和无羽毛胴体回收的细菌水平没有差异：弯曲杆菌每毫升冲洗液log10 1.4 cfu，大肠菌群log10 1.8，大肠杆菌log10 1.6，总需氧菌log10 3.1。在试验2中，泄殖腔堵塞和缝合的胴体，其四种细菌的水平均低于泄殖腔开放的胴体（弯曲杆菌差异为每毫升log10 0.7 cfu，大肠菌群log10 1.8，大肠杆菌log10 1.7，总需氧菌log10 0.5）。在脱毛过程中，泄殖腔堵塞和缝合的胴体回收的细菌水平较低，从而能够检测到有羽毛和无羽毛胴体之间微小但显著的差异。有羽毛胴体回收的大肠菌群和大肠杆菌水平略高，每毫升高log10 0.7 cfu，但无羽毛胴体的总需氧菌水平略高，每毫升高log10 0.4 cfu。在脱毛过程中泄殖腔开放的有羽毛和无羽毛胴体，从胸部皮肤回收的大肠菌群、大肠杆菌和总需氧菌水平没有差异。
